Colorectal Cancer Research from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial: NCI Fact Sheet
(Reviewed: 07/11/2005) - A fact sheet about colorectal cancer research in the PLCO trial. Researchers are testing flexible sigmoidoscopy, a procedure in which a thin, lighted viewing instrument is inserted into the rectum to examine the left, or distal, portion of the colorectum.

Colorectal Cancer Screening
(Reviewed: 10/17/2008) - This fact sheet discusses the advantages and disadvantages of several colorectal cancer screening tests.

Computed Tomography (CT): Questions and Answers
(Reviewed: 09/08/2003) - A fact sheet that describes the CT scan procedure and technology and its uses in diagnosis and treatment.

Early Prostate Cancer
(Reviewed: 03/18/2009) - A fact sheet that describes risk factors for prostate cancer, and symptoms and treatment options for localized disease. Discusses available screening tests.

Improving Methods for Breast Cancer Detection and Diagnosis
(Reviewed: 04/26/2002) - A fact sheet that describes digital mammography, ultrasound, MRI, biopsy, and other tests used to detect and diagnose breast cancer.

Interpreting Laboratory Test Results
(Reviewed: 01/15/2003) - A fact sheet that describes the role of screening and diagnostic laboratory tests. Includes a brief discussion of factors affecting the results.

Mammograms
(Reviewed: 08/14/2009) - A fact sheet that defines screening and diagnostic mammograms. Discusses mammography screening guidelines and risk factors for breast cancer.

Ovarian Cancer Research Results from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial: Fact Sheet
(Reviewed: 11/07/2005) - A fact sheet about the ovarian component of the PLCO trial, the goal of which is to determine whether screening women age 55 to 74 years old with CA-125 and transvaginal ultrasound can decrease mortality from ovarian cancer.

Pap Test
(Reviewed: 02/02/2009) - A fact sheet that describes the Pap test procedure, possible results, and the link between HPV and cervical cancer.

Pathology Reports: Questions and Answers
(Reviewed: 12/06/2007) - A fact sheet that describes the type of information that may be found in a pathology report, the document that contains results of the visual and microscopic examination of tissue removed during a biopsy or surgery.

Probability of Breast Cancer in American Women
(Reviewed: 10/05/2006) - A fact sheet that provides information and statistics about a woman's chance of developing breast cancer by specific ages.

Prostate Cancer Research Results From the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial
(Reviewed: 04/02/2009) - A fact sheet about the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial, or PLCO, a large-scale clinical trial to determine whether certain cancer screening tests reduce deaths from these cancers. This fact sheet describes the initial results about prostate cancer screening from the PLCO.

Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) Test
(Reviewed: 03/18/2009) - A fact sheet that describes the PSA screening test for prostate cancer and explains the benefits and limitations of the test.

Proteomics and Cancer
(Reviewed: 08/07/2009) - This fact sheet describes proteomics (the study of proteins and how they respond to the needs of the body or in disease). This research may lead to new ways to diagnose cancer and identify the best treatments for individual patients.

Spiral CT Scans for Lung Cancer Screening: Fact Sheet
(Reviewed: 10/31/2006) - Lung cancer, which is most frequently caused by cigarette smoking, is the leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States, claiming an expected 162,460 lives in 2006.

Staging: Questions and Answers
(Reviewed: 01/06/2004) - This fact sheet explains the process of grouping cancer cases in categories (stages) based on the size of the tumor and the extent of the cancer in the body.

Tumor Grade: Questions and Answers
(Reviewed: 05/19/2004) - A fact sheet that discusses tumor grade and its role in prognosis. Explains concepts like normal cell biology and cell differentiation.

Tumor Markers: Questions and Answers
(Reviewed: 02/03/2006) - A fact sheet that defines tumor markers and describes how they can be used to aid diagnosis and treatment.